A porthole is a decorative and functional device on a ship, usually located on the side walls of a cabin as part of the ship's structure. Its main functions include providing natural light, ventilation and views of the landscape, as well as providing the crew's view of the outside environment during the voyage.

The materials of portholes are usually made of materials resistant to seawater corrosion, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy or special plastics. The surface of the porthole is made of a transparent material, usually tempered glass or polycarbonate plastic, to ensure that the crew can observe the external environment through the porthole, while ensuring the safety and durability of the porthole. Some portholes are designed with anti-shake or anti-UV features to improve the performance and comfort of the portholes.

The shape and size of portholes are often influenced by the ship's design, functional requirements, and appearance aesthetics. They can be square, round or other geometric shapes and will vary in size depending on cabin size and functional needs. In some cases, portholes can be designed to open for increased ventilation, while others are fixed to the cabin sidewalls to increase the strength and durability of the hull.

The installation of portholes usually requires consideration of factors such as hull structure, tightness and safety. They are usually installed by professional engineers according to hull design and construction requirements and ensure a complete structural fit with the hull to prevent water penetration or other safety issues.

In general, portholes play a vital role on a ship, not only providing a comfortable living environment for the crew, but also enhancing the functionality and aesthetics of the ship. Therefore, when choosing portholes, it is necessary to take into account ship design, material quality, safety performance, and the comfort and operational needs of the crew.

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